E. Joseph and R. Nasiru
The detector in experimental physics is an instrument that converts radiation energy into an electrical signal, and this is achieved basically either by ionization or excitation. The choice for any type of a detector (gas-filled, scintillation or semiconductor) for any application depends upon the x-ray of gamma energy range of interest. A working model is therefore developed which is capable of describing the overall NaI(Tl) detection efficiency as a function of several known parameters. The algorithms of this model permit the evaluation of a large variety of sample shapes, sizes, and single initial detector calibration. Therefore, based on the model, on the assumption that the thickness of the detector, T, is 1.0mm, the geometry of the detector, the absorption coefficient, μ, the penetration, ρ, the effective radius in the detector, r, and the distance from source to effective zone of interaction, d, were calculated to be 0.28863054 radian, 0.103198386 ± 0.016841325cm, 0.004999135 ± 2.20454 x 10-8cm, 2.417012326±0.001689568cm and 3.140217836 ± 0.000142627cm respectively and finally, the efficiency, e, was found to be 28.62791552± 7.69750264 at x = 1.00cm
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