臨床腎臓学の年報 オープンアクセス

抽象的な

Nephrologists View on End Stage Renal Disease

Alexander V.pechersky 

Data from a countrywide survey of 336 nephrologists who provide dialysis care on capitation repayment display variations in exercise interest related to the percentage of patients with give up-degree renal ailment (ESRD). On the common, ESRD sufferers account for 53% of patients seen with the aid of these physicians. Nephrologists who have the majority in their visits with ESRD patients average more than one hundred twenty patient encounters per week, approximating the exercise workloads of number one care physicians. Nephrologists spend comparable quantities of time presenting remedy for ESRD and non-ESRD patients inside the equal settings, agenda extra workplace visits for facility dialysis sufferers, and offer remedy and advice for issues not related to dialysis. Whereas take care of acute renal failure sufferers is based totally on consultations and entails a slender focus, treatment for ESRD involves the supply of complete number one medical care by means of nephrologists to their sufferers being dealt with with dialysis. Conservative control, an method to treating cease-degree kidney ailment without dialysis, whilst normally related to shorter life expectancy than treatment with dialysis, is associated with fewer hospitalizations, better useful repute and, doubtlessly, better first-class of existence. Conservative control is a properly-established remedy approach in a number of Western countries, including the United Kingdom (U.K.). In evaluation, no matter clinical practice tips in the United States (U.S.) recommending that nephrologists discuss all remedy alternatives, which include conservative control, with stage four and five chronic kidney disease patients, research endorse that this rarely happens. Therefore, we explored U.S. Nephrologists’ techniques to choice-making approximately dialysis and views on conservative control among older adults.
Twenty nephrologists (eighty five% white, seventy five% male, imply age 50) participated in interviews. We discovered that selection-making approximately dialysis initiation in older adults can create emotional burden for nephrologists. We identified four subject matters that pondered factors that contribute to this emotional burden such as nephrologists’ perspectives that: 1) uncertainty exists about how a affected person will do on dialysis, 2) the alternative to dialysis is loss of life, 3) confronting demise is difficult, and four) sufferers do now not regret initiating dialysis. Three topics found out distinct choice-making techniques that nephrologists use to reduce this emotional burden: 1) convincing sufferers to “just do it” (i.e. Dialysis), 2) transferring the choice-making duty to patients, and 3) using time-restrained trials of dialysis. A choice now not to start dialysis and as an alternative pursue conservative control can be emotionally burdensome for nephrologists for some of reasons including medical uncertainty about diagnosis on dialysis and pain with demise. Nephrologists’ attempts to reduce this burden can be meditated in one of a kind choice-making styles – paternalistic, informed, and shared decision-making. Shared decision-making can also relieve a number of the emotional burden at the same time as preserving affected person-focused care. Patients with continual kidney disease (CKD) can be faced with a number of foremost remedy choices as their CKD progresses. Choosing if and when to begin dialysis for give up-level kidney disease (ESRD) is, arguably, the decision that has the greatest life-changing implications for sufferers and their families. This decision may be especially challenging for older adults with ESRD, who are the quickest growing group of ESRD patients in the United States (U.S.), and whose mortality price is almost twice that of older adults with cancer.